Architecture - Why Choose Preservation?

Reuse, reinvest, and retrofit... or demolish?existing structure can be far less expensive than
1. It's Good for the Communitydemolishing and building a completely new structure.
Preservation of older structures adds to a sense of4. It's Good for the Environment
identity, educating the community about its history andMost professionals in the construction industry are
helping it citizens to amplify their collective historicalaware of and agree with the current trends in the use
heritage and culture. In the case of architecture,of green materials and practices in new construction.
context often matters. Keeping buildings on their originalBut, the green movement has largely disregarded the
sites can contribute to an understanding of how andinherent advantages of building reuse, including the
why the community and its character developed.primary one-embodied energy. At the core of
2. It's Good for the Economysustainability practices should be the question: does the
We can look to the reuse of the High Line Rail in NYCstructure that currently exists on the property where I
as a model for what preservation, the use ofplan to build still have value and will it continue to
embodied energy, and reuse of the abandonedsustain its value? It doesn't matter how much energy
elevated train artery can do for a local economy. Theyou save if you're carting the structure off to a landfill
West Chelsea neighborhood restaurants, shops,in 1-2 generations. Rehabilitating old and inefficient
galleries, and other businesses in this largely forgottenbuildings can save energy through embodied energy
area of NYC have profited immensely from recentand reduce energy consumption. And with a few
increased usage, traffic, and tourism to the area aftersustainability practices, also improve the health and well
High Line was reopened as a walkway and nativebeing of its occupants. New construction - even when
plant preserve. Substantially different buildings in bulk,done in an environmentally friendly way - still requires
form, scale and arrangement are emerging, while stillthe use of irreplaceable natural resources. And the
preserving key visual features through restoration andconsumption of those resources has real, measurable
reuse of abandoned existing buildings in theimpacts. For example, a recent study by the UK's
neighborhood. This contributes to employment densityEmpty Homes Agency found that it takes 35-50
and a new pool of patrons for the businesses.years for a new energy-efficient single-family home to
"Dollar for dollar, rehabilitation creates more jobs thanrecover the carbon expended during its construction.
new construction. One study in the US, for example,5. It Preserves Techniques and Heirlooms That Can
found that $1 million invested in the rehabilitation of anNo Longer Be Duplicated
existing building creates 9-13 more jobs than the sameThere are valuable lessons in preservation that can
$1 million invested in new construction. Why? Becauseinform current building decisions and that we cannot
rehabilitation is more labor-intensive than newlearn in any other way. Lasers, computers, and high
construction - that is, it requires more man-hours andtech equipment can't replicate early construction
fewer materials. An economy that is moretechniques, many of which have been lost or are
labor-intensive and less materials-intensive is a greenerunderappreciated. These early techniques yield a
economy," says Richard Moe of the National Trust forproduct highly different in character, texture, and
Historic Preservation.appearance than new ones. Many families learn about
3. It Makes Good Economic Sensethe character and culture of their ancestors through
In many cases, remodeling or rehabilitation of anthe observation of their early built environment.